Antabuse (Disulfiram)

Active ingredient: Disulfiram

Drug Information

• Brand : Antabuse;
• Active substance : Disulfiram;
• Manufacturer : PLIVA.

Antabuse and its active substance Disulfiram

Disulfiram is the active ingredient used to create the original Antabuse. Unlike other medications that help people stay sober, disulfiram does not affect receptors in the brain. The medication affects how alcohol and its derivatives are metabolized in the human body.

Here's what happens when you use Antabuse with alcohol:

• As before, alcohol is broken down in the body with the formation of acetaldehyde (the toxic substance responsible for hangovers);
• Acetaldehyde stops being oxidized, leading to the accumulation of this toxin in the body.

About 10 minutes after drinking alcohol, severe intoxication occurs, accompanied by unpleasant sensations, such as:

• Hot flashes;
• Labored breathing;
• Abdominal pain;
• Numbness of the limbs;
• Involuntary emptying of the stomach;
• Redness of the skin (usually on the face, arms and chest);
• Increased heart rate;
• Sudden fainting;
• Feeling of lack of energy;
• Excessive sweating (in certain areas of the body);
• Feeling of constriction and irritation in the throat.

Please remember that Antabuse tablets act exactly like the deterrent. Until the ethyl alcohol enters your body, you usually won't feel the effect of the medication.

Directions for use

Antabuse helps speed recovery in patients with mild, moderate, or severe alcohol dependence.

Depending on the specific case, maintenance treatment may be necessary over months or even years.

This medicine should not be prescribed or given to patients without informing them.

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Treatment regimens and dosages

Antabuse is available in the form of tablets to be taken orally. If you want to buy Antabuse, you will see that the drug is available in 2 dosages:

• Antabuse tablets 250mg;
• Antabuse 500mg tablets.

Your doctor will advise you on the dosage you need. This medication is used once a day, usually in the morning. If drowsiness occurs during treatment, the tablet can be taken in the evening.

Typically, treatment consists of two phases. Generally, in the first phase of treatment, it is recommended:

• Use the highest possible dose of 500 mg to best cope with any urge to drink;
• To continue taking the 500 mg dose for 1-2 weeks to maintain the treatment effect.

Depending on the effectiveness and progress of the treatment in the second phase of treatment maintenance, it may be recommended:

• Use the standard dose of 250 mg;
• To continue using the maximum dose of 500 mg;
• Reduce the dose to 125 mg.

The duration of treatment with Antabuse is individual, it usually lasts until the patient begins to fully control the maintenance of sobriety.

Recommendations for use

To ensure maximum benefits from alcoholism treatment and feel better, patients should follow the tips below:

• Take the tablets whole with a full glass of water before or after meals;
• Take the tablets at the same time each day;
• Tell your doctor if you feel better or worse.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION!!!

Do not take the first dose if you have consumed alcohol within the last 24 hours or until your blood alcohol level reaches zero. This can lead to dangerous interactions.

If you experience too many side effects, it is possible to divide your daily dose of Antabuse into two parts: one part in the morning and one part in the late afternoon or early evening.

Missed dose

Avoid missing doses or taking double doses. If you are using the standard dosing schedule (once daily) and you miss a dose, skip it if your next dose is in 12 hours or less.

Precautions

There are several medical reasons why Antabuse should not be used or should be taken with caution, including:

• Epileptic seizures;
• Vascular cerebral diseases;
• Impaired kidney function;
• River failure;
• Chronically high blood sugar;
• Low production of thyroid hormones.

Do not take Antabuse if:

• You are allergic to Disulfiram;
• You continue to drink;
• You suffer from high blood pressure;
• You suffer from a severe personality disorder.

Alcohol and medications containing alcohol should be avoided until the medication is completely eliminated from the patient's body. Driving and operating machinery can be dangerous due to the risk of drowsiness.

Using Antabuse during pregnancy

Pregnant women should not take this medication because it poses a risk to the health of the expectant mother or her baby. The pharmacological action of Disulfiram on the embryo and fetus remains unexplored.

Possible side effects

Disulfiram tablets can cause side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. Before purchasing and using Antabuse, it is advisable to learn about the possible side effects of the drug so that you can take appropriate action if they occur.

The most common side effects during treatment are:

• Depressed mood;
• Strong irritability;
• Problems obtaining and maintaining an erection;
• Tingling in the limbs;
• Muscle weakness;
• Increased daytime sleepiness;
• Change in pupillary response to light;
• Stomach discomfort and reluctance to eat;
• Numbness of the fingers, hands, feet and other parts of the body.

The risk of adverse reactions should not be taken lightly. Some of these, such as allergies, can be serious, but most are temporary and minor.

Disulfiram: interaction with other drugs

There are several medications that can potentially interact with Antabuse. This interaction does not always mean that it is harmful to your health. In most cases, the result of the interaction is a slight change in the effectiveness of one of the medications.

Disulfiram may interfere with the pharmacokinetic properties of many drugs (e.g., warfarin or theophylline), which are metabolized by liver enzymes. Taking these drugs may increase their therapeutic effect on the body. In this case, the dosage should be adjusted. Usually, the single dose or the frequency of taking the drugs used with Antabuse is reduced.

There are some medications worth paying attention to regarding their interactions with Antabuse:

• Some tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) increase the isulfiram-ethanol reaction;
• Muscle relaxants, sedatives, anxiolytic drugs, anticonvulsants, hypnotics, and benzodiazepines may reduce isulfiram-ethanol reactions;
• Drugs that affect blood pressure regulation;
• The elimination rate of rifampicin used for the treatment of tuberculosis and certain mycobacterial infections may change when interacting with Antabuse.

This is not a complete list. Other medications and substances may also cause interactions. Please consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medication or herbal supplement.

Please note that medications containing Disulfiram can interact with even a small amount of ethyl alcohol. Therefore, during treatment, you should avoid using any medications containing alcohol, such as cough syrups.

Storage

The manufacturer of Antabuse does not recommend splitting tablets, and neither do we. If you continue to do this, try to use the tablet halves as soon as possible so they don't lose their properties.

Exposure to light, moisture, heat, and air can damage the medication. Store Antabuse in its original packaging in a dry place at room temperature between 20°C and 25°C.

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