Antabuse (Disulfiram)

Active ingredient: Disulfiram

Drug Information

• Brand: Antabuse;
• Active substance: Disulfiram;
• Manufacturer: PLIVA.

Antabuse and its active substance Disulfiram

Disulfiram is the active substance that was used to create the original Antabuse drug. Unlike other drugs that help people stay sober, Disulfiram does not affect brain receptors. The drug affects how alcohol and the substances formed from it are metabolized in the human body.

Here's what happens when you use Antabuse with alcohol:

• As before, alcohol is broken down in the body with the formation of acetaldehyde (the toxic substance responsible for hangovers);
• Acetaldehyde stops being oxidized, leading to the accumulation of this toxin in the body.

About 10 minutes after drinking alcohol, severe intoxication occurs, accompanied by unpleasant sensations such as:

• Hot flashes;
• Labored breathing;
• Abdominal pain;
• Numbness of the limbs;
• Involuntary emptying of the stomach;
• Redness of the skin (usually on the face, arms, and chest);
• Increased heart rate;
• Sudden fainting;
• Feeling of lack of energy;
• Excessive sweating (in certain areas of the body);
• Sensation of constriction and irritation in the throat.

Please remember that Antabuse tablets act exactly as a deterrent. Until ethyl alcohol enters the body, you will generally not feel the effect of the drug.

Indications for use

Antabuse helps accelerate the recovery of patients suffering from mild, moderate, or severe alcohol dependence.

Depending on the specific case, maintenance treatment may be necessary for months or even years.

This medication should not be prescribed or given to patients without informing them.

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Treatment regimens and dosages

Antabuse is available in tablet form to be taken orally. If you want to buy Antabuse, you will see that the drug is available in 2 dosages:

• Antabuse 250mg tablets;
• Antabuse 500mg tablets.

Your doctor will advise you on the dosage you need. This medication is used once a day, usually in the morning. If drowsiness occurs during treatment, the tablet can be taken in the evening.

Typically, treatment involves 2 phases. In general, in the first phase of treatment, it is recommended:

• Use the highest possible dose of 500 mg to better cope with any craving for alcohol;
• To continue taking the 500 mg dose for 1-2 weeks to maintain the treatment effect.

Depending on the effectiveness and progress of the treatment in the second maintenance phase, it may be recommended:

• Use the standard dose of 250 mg;
• To continue using the maximum dose of 500 mg;
• Reduce the dose to 125 mg.

The duration of Antabuse treatment is individual, generally lasting until the patient begins to fully control maintaining sobriety.

Usage recommendations

To ensure maximum benefits from alcoholism treatment and feel better, patients should follow the advice below:

• Take the tablets whole with a large glass of water before or after meals;
• Take the tablets at the same time each day;
• Tell your doctor if you feel better or worse.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION!!!

Do not take the first dose if you have consumed alcohol in the last 24 hours or until your blood alcohol level reaches zero. This can lead to dangerous interactions.

If you experience too many side effects, you can divide your daily Antabuse dose into two parts: one part in the morning and one part in the late afternoon or early evening.

Missed dose

Avoid missing doses or taking double doses. If you are using the standard dosing schedule (once a day) and you forget to take a dose, skip it if your next dose is in 12 hours or less.

Precautions

There are several medical reasons why Antabuse should not be used or should be taken with caution, including:

• Seizures;
• Vascular brain diseases;
• Impaired kidney function;
• Liver failure;
• Chronically high blood sugar;
• Low thyroid hormone production.

Do not take Antabuse if:

• You are allergic to Disulfiram;
• You continue to drink;
• You suffer from hypertension;
• You suffer from a severe personality disorder.

Alcohol and medications containing alcohol should be avoided until the medication is completely eliminated from the patient's body. Driving a car and operating machinery can be dangerous due to the risk of drowsiness.

Use of Antabuse during pregnancy

Pregnant women should not take this medication as there is a risk to the health of the future mother or her baby. The pharmacological action of Disulfiram on the embryo and fetus remains unexplored.

Possible side effects

Tablets containing Disulfiram can cause side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. Before buying and using Antabuse, it is advisable to find out about the side effects the drug can cause, so that you can take appropriate measures if they occur.

The most common adverse effects during treatment are:

• Depressed mood;
• Severe irritability;
• Problems with obtaining and maintaining an erection;
• Tingling in the limbs;
• Muscle weakness;
• Increased daytime sleepiness;
• Change in pupillary response to light;
• Stomach discomfort and reluctance to eat;
• Numbness in the fingers, hands, feet, and other parts of the body.

The risk of adverse reactions should not be taken lightly. Some of them, such as allergies, can be serious, but most are temporary and minor.

Disulfiram: interaction with other drugs

There are a number of drugs that can potentially interact with Antabuse. This interaction does not always mean it harms your health. In most cases, the result of the interaction is a small change in the effectiveness of one of the drugs.

Disulfiram can interfere with the pharmacokinetic properties of a large number of drugs (e.g., warfarin or theophylline), which are metabolized by liver enzymes. When taking these drugs, their therapeutic effect on the body can increase. In this case, the dosage must be adjusted. Usually, the single dose or the frequency of taking drugs used with Antabuse are reduced.

Some drugs deserve special attention regarding their interactions with Antabuse:

• Certain tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., Amitriptyline) increase the disulfiram-ethanol reaction;
• Muscle relaxants, sedatives, anxiolytic drugs, anticonvulsants, hypnotics, and benzodiazepines can reduce disulfiram-ethanol reactions;
• Drugs that affect blood pressure regulation;
• The elimination rate of rifampicin used for the treatment of tuberculosis and certain mycobacterial infections can change during interaction with Antabuse.

This is not a complete list. Other drugs and substances can also cause interactions. Please consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medication or herbal supplement.

Note that drugs containing Disulfiram can interact even with a small amount of ethyl alcohol. Thus, during treatment, it is necessary to abandon the use of any medication containing alcohol, such as cough syrups.

Storage

The manufacturer of Antabuse does not recommend dividing tablets, and neither do we. If you continue to do so, try to use the tablet halves as soon as possible so that they do not lose their properties.

Exposure to light, moisture, heat, and air can damage the medication. Please store Antabuse in its original packaging in a dry place at room temperature between 20°C and 25°C.

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